Refbase2X/cite/styles/cite_Harvard_1.php

<?php
	// Project:    Web Reference Database (refbase) <http://www.refbase.net>
	// Copyright:  Matthias Steffens <mailto:refbase@extracts.de> and the file's
	//             original author(s).
	//
	//             This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	//             but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. Please see the GNU General Public
	//             License for more details.
	//
	// File:       ./cite/styles/cite_Harvard_1.php
	// Repository: $HeadURL$
	// Author(s):  Matthias Steffens <mailto:refbase@extracts.de>
	//
	// Created:    12-Aug-08, 16:00
	// Modified:   $Date: 2012-02-27 20:25:30 +0000 (Mon, 27 Feb 2012) $
	//             $Author$
	//             $Revision: 1337 $

	// This is a citation style file (which must reside within the 'cite/styles/' sub-directory of your refbase root directory). It contains a
	// version of the 'citeRecord()' function that outputs a reference list from selected records according to the citation style used by
	// the Harvard referencing system

	// This is a variant of the Harvard author/date style, modeled after this guide:
	// <http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm>

	// based on 'cite_Harvard_3.php'

	// TODO: - abstracts, conference proceedings, magazine articles, patents, reports & software?
	//       - should we shorten ending page numbers if necessary (e.g. "p. 10-8" or "p. 51-5", but "p. 19-26"), or only if numbers are >=3 digits?
	//       - where to put (and how to format) series info & editors of whole books that also have an author?
	//       - see also inline comments labeled with TODO (and NOTE)

	// --------------------------------------------------------------------

	// --- BEGIN CITATION STYLE ---

	function citeRecord($row, $citeStyle, $citeType, $markupPatternsArray, $encodeHTML)
	{
		$record = ""; // make sure that our buffer variable is empty

		// --- BEGIN TYPE = JOURNAL ARTICLE / MAGAZINE ARTICLE / NEWSPAPER ARTICLE --------------------------------------------------------------

		if (preg_match("/^(Journal Article|Magazine Article|Newspaper Article)$/", $row['type']))
			{
				if (!empty($row['author']))      // author
					{
						// Call the 'reArrangeAuthorContents()' function (defined in 'include.inc.php') in order to re-order contents of the author field. Required Parameters:
						//   1. input:  contents of the author field
						//   2. input:  boolean value that specifies whether the author's family name comes first (within one author) in the source string
						//              ('true' means that the family name is followed by the given name (or initials), 'false' if it's the other way around)
						//
						//   3. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates different authors
						//   4. output: for all authors except the last author: new delimiter that separates different authors
						//   5. output: for the last author: new delimiter that separates the last author from all other authors
						//
						//   6. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   7. output: for the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   8. output: for all authors except the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   9. output: new delimiter that separates multiple initials (within one author)
						//  10. output: for the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  11. output: for all authors except the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  12. output: boolean value that specifies whether an author's full given name(s) shall be shortened to initial(s)
						//
						//  13. output: if the total number of authors is greater than the given number (integer >= 1), only the number of authors given in (14) will be included in the citation along with the string given in (15); keep empty if all authors shall be returned
						//  14. output: number of authors (integer >= 1) that is included in the citation if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); keep empty if not applicable
						//  15. output: string that's appended to the number of authors given in (14) if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); the actual number of authors can be printed by including '__NUMBER_OF_AUTHORS__' (without quotes) within the string
						//
						//  16. output: boolean value that specifies whether the re-ordered string shall be returned with higher ASCII chars HTML encoded
						$author = reArrangeAuthorContents($row['author'], // 1.
						                                  true, // 2.
						                                  "/ *; */", // 3.
						                                  ", ", // 4.
						                                  " " . $markupPatternsArray["ampersand"] . " ", // 5.
						                                  "/ *, */", // 6.
						                                  ", ", // 7.
						                                  ", ", // 8.
						                                  ".", // 9.
						                                  false, // 10.
						                                  false, // 11.
						                                  true, // 12.
						                                  "4", // 13.
						                                  "1", // 14.
						                                  " et al", // 15.
						                                  $encodeHTML); // 16.

						$record .= $author;
					}

				if (!empty($row['year']))      // year
				{
					if (!empty($row['author']))
						$record .= ", ";

					if (!empty($row['year']))
						$record .= $row['year'];
				}

				if (!empty($row['title']))      // title
				{
					if (!empty($row['author']) || !empty($row['year']))
						$record .= ". ";

					$record .= $row['title'];
					$record .= ",";
				}

				// From here on we'll assume that at least one of the fields 'author', 'year' or 'title' did contain some contents

				if (!empty($row['publication']))      // publication (= journal) name
					$record .= " " . $markupPatternsArray["italic-prefix"] . $row['publication'] . $markupPatternsArray["italic-suffix"];

				// if there's no full journal name, we'll use the abbreviated journal name instead:
				elseif (!empty($row['abbrev_journal']))      // abbreviated journal name
					$record .= " " . $markupPatternsArray["italic-prefix"] . $row['abbrev_journal'] . $markupPatternsArray["italic-suffix"];

				if ((!empty($row['abbrev_journal']) || !empty($row['publication'])) && (!empty($row['volume']) || !empty($row['issue'])))
					$record .= ","; // NOTE: for newspaper articles, the above mentioned guide uses a dot instead of a comma ("The Times, 3 Sep. p.4-5.") but this seems incorrect/inconsistent to me

				if ($row['online_publication'] == "yes") // this record refers to an online publication
					$record .= " [Online]";

				if ($row['type'] == "Journal Article")
				{
					if (!empty($row['volume']))      // volume
						$record .= " " . $row['volume'];

					if (!empty($row['issue']))      // issue
					{
						if (!empty($row['volume']))
							$record .= " ";

						$record .= "(" . $row['issue'] . ")";
					}
				}

				elseif (preg_match("/^(Newspaper Article|Magazine Article)$/", $row['type'])) // for newspaper and magazine articles, volume (=month) and issue (=day) information is printed without prefix
				{
					if (!empty($row['issue']))      // issue (=day)
						$record .= " " . $row['issue'];

					if (!empty($row['volume']))      // volume (=month)
						$record .= " " . $row['volume'];
				}

				if (!empty($row['pages']))      // pages
				{
					if (!empty($row['volume']) || !empty($row['issue']) || !empty($row['abbrev_journal']) || !empty($row['publication'])) // only add ", " if either volume, issue, abbrev_journal or publication isn't empty
						$record .= ", ";

					$record .= formatPageInfo($row['pages'], $markupPatternsArray["endash"], "p. ", "p. "); // function 'formatPageInfo()' is defined in 'cite.inc.php' (NOTE: from the examples in the above mentioned guide it's unclear whether "p." should be followed by a space or not)
				}

				if ($row['online_publication'] == "yes") // this record refers to an online article
				{
					// append an optional string (given in 'online_citation') plus the current date and the DOI (or URL):

					if (!empty($row['online_citation']))      // online_citation
					{
						if (!empty($row['volume']) || !empty($row['issue']) || !empty($row['abbrev_journal']) || !empty($row['publication'])) // only add "," if either volume, issue, abbrev_journal or publication isn't empty
							$record .= ",";

						$record .= " " . $row['online_citation'];
					}

					if (!empty($row['doi']) || !empty($row['url']))      // doi OR url
					{
						if (!empty($row['online_citation']) OR (empty($row['online_citation']) AND (!empty($row['volume']) || !empty($row['issue']) || !empty($row['abbrev_journal']) || !empty($row['publication'])))) // only add "." if online_citation isn't empty, or else if either volume, issue, abbrev_journal or publication isn't empty
							$record .= ".";

						$today = date("j F Y");

						$record .= " Available at: " . $markupPatternsArray["underline-prefix"];

						if (!empty($row['doi']))      // doi
							$uri = "http://dx.doi.org/" . $row['doi'];
						else      // url
							$uri = $row['url'];

						if ($encodeHTML)
							$record .= encodeHTML($uri);
						else
							$record .= $uri;

						$record .= $markupPatternsArray["underline-suffix"];

						$record .= " [accessed " . $today . "]";
					}
				}

				if (!preg_match("/\. *$/", $record)) // if the string doesn't end with a period
					$record .= ".";
			}

		// --- BEGIN TYPE = ABSTRACT / BOOK CHAPTER / CONFERENCE ARTICLE ------------------------------------------------------------------------

		elseif (preg_match("/^(Abstract|Book Chapter|Conference Article)$/", $row['type']))
			{
				if (!empty($row['author']))      // author
					{
						// Call the 'reArrangeAuthorContents()' function (defined in 'include.inc.php') in order to re-order contents of the author field. Required Parameters:
						//   1. input:  contents of the author field
						//   2. input:  boolean value that specifies whether the author's family name comes first (within one author) in the source string
						//              ('true' means that the family name is followed by the given name (or initials), 'false' if it's the other way around)
						//
						//   3. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates different authors
						//   4. output: for all authors except the last author: new delimiter that separates different authors
						//   5. output: for the last author: new delimiter that separates the last author from all other authors
						//
						//   6. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   7. output: for the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   8. output: for all authors except the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   9. output: new delimiter that separates multiple initials (within one author)
						//  10. output: for the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  11. output: for all authors except the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  12. output: boolean value that specifies whether an author's full given name(s) shall be shortened to initial(s)
						//
						//  13. output: if the total number of authors is greater than the given number (integer >= 1), only the number of authors given in (14) will be included in the citation along with the string given in (15); keep empty if all authors shall be returned
						//  14. output: number of authors (integer >= 1) that is included in the citation if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); keep empty if not applicable
						//  15. output: string that's appended to the number of authors given in (14) if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); the actual number of authors can be printed by including '__NUMBER_OF_AUTHORS__' (without quotes) within the string
						//
						//  16. output: boolean value that specifies whether the re-ordered string shall be returned with higher ASCII chars HTML encoded
						$author = reArrangeAuthorContents($row['author'], // 1.
						                                  true, // 2.
						                                  "/ *; */", // 3.
						                                  ", ", // 4.
						                                  " " . $markupPatternsArray["ampersand"] . " ", // 5.
						                                  "/ *, */", // 6.
						                                  ", ", // 7.
						                                  ", ", // 8.
						                                  ".", // 9.
						                                  false, // 10.
						                                  false, // 11.
						                                  true, // 12.
						                                  "4", // 13.
						                                  "1", // 14.
						                                  " et al", // 15.
						                                  $encodeHTML); // 16.

						$record .= $author;
					}

				if (!empty($row['year']))      // year
				{
					if (!empty($row['author']))
						$record .= ", ";

					$record .= $row['year'];
				}

				if (!empty($row['title']))      // title
				{
					if (!empty($row['author']) || !empty($row['year']))
						$record .= ". ";

					$record .= $row['title'];
					$record .= ".";
				}

				// From here on we'll assume that at least one of the fields 'author', 'year' or 'title' did contain some contents
				// if this is not the case, the output string will begin with a space. However, any preceding/trailing whitespace will be removed at the cleanup stage (see below)

				if (!empty($row['editor']))      // editor
					{
						// Call the 'reArrangeAuthorContents()' function (defined in 'include.inc.php') in order to re-order contents of the author field. Required Parameters:
						//   1. input:  contents of the author field
						//   2. input:  boolean value that specifies whether the author's family name comes first (within one author) in the source string
						//              ('true' means that the family name is followed by the given name (or initials), 'false' if it's the other way around)
						//
						//   3. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates different authors
						//   4. output: for all authors except the last author: new delimiter that separates different authors
						//   5. output: for the last author: new delimiter that separates the last author from all other authors
						//
						//   6. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   7. output: for the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   8. output: for all authors except the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   9. output: new delimiter that separates multiple initials (within one author)
						//  10. output: for the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  11. output: for all authors except the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  12. output: boolean value that specifies whether an author's full given name(s) shall be shortened to initial(s)
						//
						//  13. output: if the total number of authors is greater than the given number (integer >= 1), only the number of authors given in (14) will be included in the citation along with the string given in (15); keep empty if all authors shall be returned
						//  14. output: number of authors (integer >= 1) that is included in the citation if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); keep empty if not applicable
						//  15. output: string that's appended to the number of authors given in (14) if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); the actual number of authors can be printed by including '__NUMBER_OF_AUTHORS__' (without quotes) within the string
						//
						//  16. output: boolean value that specifies whether the re-ordered string shall be returned with higher ASCII chars HTML encoded
						$editor = reArrangeAuthorContents($row['editor'], // 1.
						                                  true, // 2.
						                                  "/ *; */", // 3.
						                                  ", ", // 4.
						                                  " " . $markupPatternsArray["ampersand"] . " ", // 5.
						                                  "/ *, */", // 6.
						                                  " ", // 7.
						                                  " ", // 8.
						                                  ".", // 9.
						                                  true, // 10.
						                                  true, // 11.
						                                  true, // 12.
						                                  "4", // 13.
						                                  "1", // 14.
						                                  " et al", // 15.
						                                  $encodeHTML); // 16.

						$record .= " In " . $editor . ", ";
						if (preg_match("/^[^;\r\n]+(;[^;\r\n]+)+$/", $row['editor'])) // there are at least two editors (separated by ';')
							$record .= "eds.";
						else // there's only one editor (or the editor field is malformed with multiple editors but missing ';' separator[s])
							$record .= "ed.";
					}

				$publication = preg_replace("/[ \r\n]*\(Eds?:[^\)\r\n]*\)/i", "", $row['publication']);
				if (!empty($publication))      // publication
				{
					if (empty($row['editor']))
						$record .= " In";

					$record .= " " . $markupPatternsArray["italic-prefix"] . $publication . $markupPatternsArray["italic-suffix"];
				}

				if (!empty($row['edition']) && !preg_match("/^(1|1st|first|one)( ed\.?| edition)?$/i", $row['edition']) || !empty($row['volume']))
				{
					$record .= ". ";

					if (!empty($row['edition']) && !preg_match("/^(1|1st|first|one)( ed\.?| edition)?$/i", $row['edition']))      // edition
					{
						if (preg_match("/^\d{1,3}$/", $row['edition'])) // if the edition field contains a number of up to three digits, we assume it's an edition number (such as "2nd ed.")
						{
							if ($row['edition'] == "2")
								$editionSuffix = "nd";
							elseif ($row['edition'] == "3")
								$editionSuffix = "rd";
							else
								$editionSuffix = "th";
						}
						else
							$editionSuffix = "";

						if (!empty($row['edition']) && !preg_match("/( ed\.?| edition)$/i", $row['edition']))
							$editionSuffix .= " ed.";

						$record .= $row['edition'] . $editionSuffix;
					}

					if (!empty($row['volume']))      // volume
					{
						if (!empty($row['edition']) && !preg_match("/^(1|1st|first|one)( ed\.?| edition)?$/i", $row['edition']))
							$record .= ", ";

						$record .= "vol. " . $row['volume']; // TODO: not sure whether this is correct
					}
				}

				if (!empty($row['abbrev_series_title']) OR !empty($row['series_title'])) // if there's either a full or an abbreviated series title
				{
					$record .= ". ";

					if (!empty($row['series_title']))
						$record .= $row['series_title'];      // full series title

					// if there's no full series title, we'll use the abbreviated series title instead:
					elseif (!empty($row['abbrev_series_title']))
						$record .= $row['abbrev_series_title'];      // abbreviated series title

					if (!empty($row['series_volume'])||!empty($row['series_issue']))
						$record .= ", ";

					if (!empty($row['series_volume']))      // series volume (I'm not really sure if -- for this cite style -- the series volume & issue should be rather omitted here)
						$record .= "vol. " . $row['series_volume']; // TODO: not sure whether this is correct

					if (!empty($row['series_issue']))      // series issue (see note for series volume)
					{
						if (!empty($row['series_volume']))
							$record .= ", ";

						$record .= "no. " . $row['series_issue']; // TODO: not sure whether this is correct
					}
				}

				if (!preg_match("/\. *$/", $record))
					$record .= ".";

				if (!empty($row['place']))      // place
					$record .= " " . $row['place'];

				if (!empty($row['publisher']))      // publisher
				{
					if (!empty($row['place']))
						$record .= ":";

					$record .= " " . $row['publisher'];
				}

				if (!empty($row['pages']))      // pages
				{
					if (!empty($row['publisher']) || !empty($row['place']))
						$record .= ", ";

					$record .= formatPageInfo($row['pages'], $markupPatternsArray["endash"], "p. ", "p. "); // function 'formatPageInfo()' is defined in 'cite.inc.php' (NOTE: from the examples in the above mentioned guide it's unclear whether "p." should be followed by a space or not)
				}

				if (!preg_match("/\. *$/", $record))
					$record .= ".";
			}

		// --- BEGIN TYPE = BOOK WHOLE / CONFERENCE VOLUME / JOURNAL / MANUAL / MANUSCRIPT / MAP / MISCELLANEOUS / PATENT / REPORT / SOFTWARE ---

		else // if (preg_match("/Book Whole|Conference Volume|Journal|Manual|Manuscript|Map|Miscellaneous|Patent|Report|Software/", $row['type']))
			// note that this also serves as a fallback: unrecognized resource types will be formatted similar to whole books
			{
				if (!empty($row['author']))      // author
					{
						$author = preg_replace("/[ \r\n]*\(eds?\)/i", "", $row['author']);

						// Call the 'reArrangeAuthorContents()' function (defined in 'include.inc.php') in order to re-order contents of the author field. Required Parameters:
						//   1. input:  contents of the author field
						//   2. input:  boolean value that specifies whether the author's family name comes first (within one author) in the source string
						//              ('true' means that the family name is followed by the given name (or initials), 'false' if it's the other way around)
						//
						//   3. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates different authors
						//   4. output: for all authors except the last author: new delimiter that separates different authors
						//   5. output: for the last author: new delimiter that separates the last author from all other authors
						//
						//   6. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   7. output: for the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   8. output: for all authors except the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   9. output: new delimiter that separates multiple initials (within one author)
						//  10. output: for the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  11. output: for all authors except the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  12. output: boolean value that specifies whether an author's full given name(s) shall be shortened to initial(s)
						//
						//  13. output: if the total number of authors is greater than the given number (integer >= 1), only the number of authors given in (14) will be included in the citation along with the string given in (15); keep empty if all authors shall be returned
						//  14. output: number of authors (integer >= 1) that is included in the citation if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); keep empty if not applicable
						//  15. output: string that's appended to the number of authors given in (14) if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); the actual number of authors can be printed by including '__NUMBER_OF_AUTHORS__' (without quotes) within the string
						//
						//  16. output: boolean value that specifies whether the re-ordered string shall be returned with higher ASCII chars HTML encoded
						$author = reArrangeAuthorContents($author, // 1.
						                                  true, // 2.
						                                  "/ *; */", // 3.
						                                  ", ", // 4.
						                                  " " . $markupPatternsArray["ampersand"] . " ", // 5.
						                                  "/ *, */", // 6.
						                                  ", ", // 7.
						                                  ", ", // 8.
						                                  ".", // 9.
						                                  false, // 10.
						                                  false, // 11.
						                                  true, // 12.
						                                  "4", // 13.
						                                  "1", // 14.
						                                  " et al", // 15.
						                                  $encodeHTML); // 16.

						// if the author is actually the editor of the resource we'll append ', ed' (or ', eds') to the author string:
						// [to distinguish editors from authors in the 'author' field, the 'modify.php' script does append ' (ed)' or ' (eds)' if appropriate,
						//  so we're just checking for these identifier strings here. Alternatively, we could check whether the editor field matches the author field]
						if (preg_match("/[ \r\n]*\(ed\)/", $row['author'])) // single editor
							$author = $author . " ed.";
						elseif (preg_match("/[ \r\n]*\(eds\)/", $row['author'])) // multiple editors
							$author = $author . " eds.";

						$record .= $author;
					}

				if (!empty($row['year']))      // year
				{
					if (!empty($row['author']))
						$record .= ", ";

					$record .= $row['year'];
				}

				if (!empty($row['title']))      // title
				{
					if (!empty($row['author']) || !empty($row['year']))
						$record .= ". ";

					$record .= $markupPatternsArray["italic-prefix"] . $row['title'] . $markupPatternsArray["italic-suffix"];
				}

				if ($row['online_publication'] == "yes") // this record refers to an online publication
					$record .= ". [Online]"; // TODO: this may not be entirely correct, since, according to the above mentioned guide, the actual type should be used: e.g. "[e-book]" or "[CD-ROM]"

				if (!empty($row['editor']) && !preg_match("/[ \r\n]*\(eds?\)/", $row['author']))      // editor (if different from author, see note above regarding the check for ' (ed)' or ' (eds)')
					{
						// Call the 'reArrangeAuthorContents()' function (defined in 'include.inc.php') in order to re-order contents of the author field. Required Parameters:
						//   1. input:  contents of the author field
						//   2. input:  boolean value that specifies whether the author's family name comes first (within one author) in the source string
						//              ('true' means that the family name is followed by the given name (or initials), 'false' if it's the other way around)
						//
						//   3. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates different authors
						//   4. output: for all authors except the last author: new delimiter that separates different authors
						//   5. output: for the last author: new delimiter that separates the last author from all other authors
						//
						//   6. input:  pattern describing old delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   7. output: for the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   8. output: for all authors except the first author: new delimiter that separates author name & initials (within one author)
						//   9. output: new delimiter that separates multiple initials (within one author)
						//  10. output: for the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  11. output: for all authors except the first author: boolean value that specifies if initials go *before* the author's name ['true'], or *after* the author's name ['false'] (which is the default in the db)
						//  12. output: boolean value that specifies whether an author's full given name(s) shall be shortened to initial(s)
						//
						//  13. output: if the total number of authors is greater than the given number (integer >= 1), only the number of authors given in (14) will be included in the citation along with the string given in (15); keep empty if all authors shall be returned
						//  14. output: number of authors (integer >= 1) that is included in the citation if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); keep empty if not applicable
						//  15. output: string that's appended to the number of authors given in (14) if the total number of authors is greater than the number given in (13); the actual number of authors can be printed by including '__NUMBER_OF_AUTHORS__' (without quotes) within the string
						//
						//  16. output: boolean value that specifies whether the re-ordered string shall be returned with higher ASCII chars HTML encoded
						$editor = reArrangeAuthorContents($row['editor'], // 1.
						                                  true, // 2.
						                                  "/ *; */", // 3.
						                                  ", ", // 4.
						                                  " " . $markupPatternsArray["ampersand"] . " ", // 5.
						                                  "/ *, */", // 6.
						                                  " ", // 7.
						                                  " ", // 8.
						                                  ".", // 9.
						                                  true, // 10.
						                                  true, // 11.
						                                  true, // 12.
						                                  "4", // 13.
						                                  "1", // 14.
						                                  " et al", // 15.
						                                  $encodeHTML); // 16.

						if (!empty($row['author']) || !empty($row['year']) || !empty($row['title']))
							$record .= " ";

						$record .= " (" . $editor . ", ";
						if (preg_match("/^[^;\r\n]+(;[^;\r\n]+)+$/", $row['editor'])) // there are at least two editors (separated by ';')
							$record .= "eds.";
						else // there's only one editor (or the editor field is malformed with multiple editors but missing ';' separator[s])
							$record .= "ed.";
						$record .= ")";
					}

				if (!empty($row['edition']) || !empty($row['volume']))
				{
					if (!empty($row['author']) || !empty($row['year']) || !empty($row['title']) || (!empty($row['editor']) && !preg_match("/[ \r\n]*\(eds?\)/", $row['author'])))
						$record .= ". ";

					if ($row['type'] == "Software")      // software edition (=version)
					{
						if (!empty($row['edition']))
						{
							$record .= "Version " . $row['edition'];

							if (!empty($row['volume']) || !empty($row['issue']))
								$record .= ", ";
						}

						if (!empty($row['issue']))      // issue (=day)
							$record .= " " . $row['issue'];

						if (!empty($row['volume']))      // volume (=month)
							$record .= " " . $row['volume'];
					}
					elseif (!preg_match("/^(1|1st|first|one)( ed\.?| edition)?$/i", $row['edition']))      // regular edition (other than the first)
					{
						if (preg_match("/^\d{1,3}$/", $row['edition'])) // if the edition field contains a number of up to three digits, we assume it's an edition number (such as "2nd ed.")
						{
							if ($row['edition'] == "2")
								$editionSuffix = "nd";
							elseif ($row['edition'] == "3")
								$editionSuffix = "rd";
							else
								$editionSuffix = "th";
						}
						else
							$editionSuffix = "";

						if (!empty($row['edition']) && !preg_match("/( ed\.?| edition)$/i", $row['edition']))
							$editionSuffix .= " ed.";

						$record .= $row['edition'] . $editionSuffix;

						if (!empty($row['volume']))      // volume
						{
							if (!empty($row['edition']) && !preg_match("/^(1|1st|first|one)( ed\.?| edition)?$/i", $row['edition']))
								$record .= ", ";

							$record .= "vol. " . $row['volume']; // TODO: not sure whether this is correct
						}
					}
				}

				if ($row['type'] == "Software") // for software, add software label
				{
					$record .= ", computer software.";
				}
				else // add series info
				{
					if (!preg_match("/\. *$/", $record))
						$record .= ".";

					if (!empty($row['abbrev_series_title']) OR !empty($row['series_title'])) // if there's either a full or an abbreviated series title
					{
						$record .= " ";

						if (!empty($row['series_title']))
							$record .= $row['series_title'];      // full series title

						// if there's no full series title, we'll use the abbreviated series title instead:
						elseif (!empty($row['abbrev_series_title']))
							$record .= $row['abbrev_series_title'];      // abbreviated series title

						if (!empty($row['series_volume'])||!empty($row['series_issue']))
							$record .= ", ";

						if (!empty($row['series_volume']))      // series volume (I'm not really sure if -- for this cite style -- the series volume & issue should be rather omitted here)
							$record .= "vol. " . $row['series_volume']; // TODO: not sure whether this is correct

						if (!empty($row['series_issue']))      // series issue (see note for series volume)
						{
							if (!empty($row['series_volume']))
								$record .= ", ";
	
							$record .= "no. " . $row['series_issue']; // TODO: not sure whether this is correct
						}

						$record .= ".";
					}
				}

				if (!empty($row['thesis']))      // thesis
					$record .= " " . $row['thesis'];

				if (!empty($row['place']) || !empty($row['publisher']))
				{
					if (!empty($row['thesis']))
						$record .= ".";

					if (!empty($row['place']))      // place (NOTE: should we omit the place of publication for theses?)
						$record .= " " . $row['place'];

					if (!empty($row['publisher']))      // publisher
					{
						if (!empty($row['place']))
							$record .= ":";

						$record .= " " . $row['publisher'];
					}
				}

				if ($row['online_publication'] == "yes" || $row['type'] == "Software") // this record refers to an online article, or a computer program/software
				{
					if (!empty($row['online_citation']))      // online_citation
					{
						if (!preg_match("/\. *$/", $record))
							$record .= ".";

						$record .= " " . $row['online_citation'];
					}

					if (!empty($row['doi']) || !empty($row['url']))      // doi OR url
					{
						if (!preg_match("/\. *$/", $record))
							$record .= ".";

						$today = date("j F Y");

						$record .= " Available at: " . $markupPatternsArray["underline-prefix"];

						if (!empty($row['doi']))      // doi
							$uri = "http://dx.doi.org/" . $row['doi'];
						else      // url
							$uri = $row['url'];

						if ($encodeHTML)
							$record .= encodeHTML($uri);
						else
							$record .= $uri;

						$record .= $markupPatternsArray["underline-suffix"];

						$record .= " [accessed " . $today . "]";
					}
				}

				if (!preg_match("/\. *$/", $record)) // if the string doesn't end with a period
					$record .= ".";
			}

		// --- BEGIN POST-PROCESSING -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

		// do some further cleanup:
		$record = trim($record); // remove any preceding or trailing whitespace


		return $record;
	}

	// --- END CITATION STYLE ---
?>