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510 lines
24 KiB
510 lines
24 KiB
<?php
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// Project: Web Reference Database (refbase) <http://www.refbase.net>
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// Copyright: Matthias Steffens <mailto:refbase@extracts.de> and the file's
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// original author(s).
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//
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// This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY. Please see the GNU General Public
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// License for more details.
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//
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// File: ./includes/oaidcxml.inc.php
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// Repository: $HeadURL$
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// Author(s): Matthias Steffens <mailto:refbase@extracts.de>
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//
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// Created: 05-Mar-08, 21:52
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// Modified: $Date: 2017-04-13 02:00:18 +0000 (Thu, 13 Apr 2017) $
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// $Author$
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// $Revision: 1416 $
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// This include file contains functions that'll export records to OAI_DC XML.
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// Requires ActiveLink PHP XML Package, which is available under the GPL from:
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// <http://www.active-link.com/software/>
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// TODO: I18n
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// Incorporate some include files:
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include_once 'includes/webservice.inc.php'; // include functions that are commonly used with the refbase webservices
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// Import the ActiveLink Packages
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require_once("classes/include.php");
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import("org.active-link.xml.XML");
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import("org.active-link.xml.XMLDocument");
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// --------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Return records as OAI_DC (i.e. simple/unqualified Dublin Core) XML as required
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// by the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH):
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//
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// Spec: <http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html>
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// Guides: <http://www.oaforum.org/tutorial/english/page5.htm>
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// <http://dublincore.org/documents/dc-xml-guidelines/>
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function oaidcCollection($result)
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{
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global $contentTypeCharset; // these variables are defined in 'ini.inc.php'
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global $convertExportDataToUTF8;
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global $citeKeysArray; // '$citeKeysArray' is made globally available from
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// within this function
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// Individual records are objects and collections of records are strings
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$oaidcCollectionDoc = new XMLDocument();
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if (($convertExportDataToUTF8 == "yes") AND ($contentTypeCharset != "UTF-8"))
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$oaidcCollectionDoc->setEncoding("UTF-8");
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else
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$oaidcCollectionDoc->setEncoding($contentTypeCharset);
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$oaidcCollection = new XML("dcCollection");
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$oaidcCollection->setTagAttribute("xmlns:oai_dc", "http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/");
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$oaidcCollection->setTagAttribute("xmlns:dc", "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/");
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$oaidcCollection->setTagAttribute("xmlns:xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
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$oaidcCollection->setTagAttribute("xsi:schemaLocation", "http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd");
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// ----------------------------------------------------------
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// Add OAI_DC XML entries:
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$exportArray = array(); // array for individually exported records
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$citeKeysArray = array(); // array of cite keys (used to ensure uniqueness of cite keys among all exported records)
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// Generate the export for each record and push them onto an array:
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while ($row = @ mysqli_fetch_array($result))
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{
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// Export the current record as OAI_DC XML:
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$record = oaidcRecord($row, "oai_dc");
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if (!empty($record)) // unless the record buffer is empty...
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array_push($exportArray, $record); // ...add it to an array of exports
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}
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// for each of the OAI_DC XML entries in the result set...
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foreach ($exportArray as $oaidc)
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$oaidcCollection->addXMLasBranch($oaidc);
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$oaidcCollectionDoc->setXML($oaidcCollection);
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$oaidcCollectionString = $oaidcCollectionDoc->getXMLString();
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return $oaidcCollectionString;
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}
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// --------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Generate an OAI_DC (i.e. simple/unqualified Dublin Core) XML record:
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// (returns an XML object (oaidc) of a single record)
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//
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// TODO: - see inline comments labeled with "TODO"
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function oaidcRecord($row, $metadataPrefix = "oai_dc", $addNameSpaceInfo = true)
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{
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global $databaseBaseURL; // these variables are defined in 'ini.inc.php'
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global $contentTypeCharset;
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global $fileVisibility;
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global $fileVisibilityException;
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global $filesBaseURL;
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global $convertExportDataToUTF8;
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global $defaultCiteStyle;
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global $citeStyle;
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global $alnum, $alpha, $cntrl, $dash, $digit, $graph, $lower, $print, $punct, $space, $upper, $word, $patternModifiers; // defined in 'transtab_unicode_charset.inc.php' and 'transtab_latin1_charset.inc.php'
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// The array '$transtab_refbase_unicode' contains search & replace patterns for conversion from refbase markup to Unicode entities.
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global $transtab_refbase_unicode; // defined in 'transtab_refbase_unicode.inc.php'
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// The array '$transtab_refbase_ascii' contains search & replace patterns for conversion from refbase markup to plain text.
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global $transtab_refbase_ascii; // defined in 'transtab_refbase_ascii.inc.php'
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// Define inline text markup to generate a plain text citation string:
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// (to be included within a 'dcterms:bibliographicCitation' element)
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$markupPatternsArrayPlain = array("bold-prefix" => "", // NOTE: should we rather keep refbase font-shape markup (like _italic_ and **bold**) for plain text output?
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"bold-suffix" => "",
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"italic-prefix" => "",
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"italic-suffix" => "",
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"underline-prefix" => "",
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"underline-suffix" => "",
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"endash" => "-",
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"emdash" => "-",
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"ampersand" => "&",
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"double-quote" => '"',
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"double-quote-left" => '"',
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"double-quote-right" => '"',
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"single-quote" => "'",
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"single-quote-left" => "'",
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"single-quote-right" => "'",
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"less-than" => "<",
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"greater-than" => ">",
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"newline" => "\n"
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);
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// This is a stupid hack that maps the names of the '$row' array keys to those used
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// by the '$formVars' array (which is required by function 'generateCiteKey()')
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// (eventually, the '$formVars' array should use the MySQL field names as names for its array keys)
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$formVars = buildFormVarsArray($row); // function 'buildFormVarsArray()' is defined in 'include.inc.php'
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// Generate or extract the cite key for this record:
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// (to be included within a 'dc:identifier' element)
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$citeKey = generateCiteKey($formVars); // function 'generateCiteKey()' is defined in 'include.inc.php'
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// Generate OpenURL data:
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// (to be included within a 'dc:identifier' element)
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$openURL = openURL($row, "openurl:"); // function 'openURL()' is defined in 'openurl.inc.php'
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// Encode special chars and perform charset conversions:
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foreach ($row as $rowFieldName => $rowFieldValue)
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{
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// We only convert those special chars to entities which are supported by XML:
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// function 'encodeHTMLspecialchars()' is defined in 'include.inc.php'
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$row[$rowFieldName] = encodeHTMLspecialchars($row[$rowFieldName]);
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// Convert field data to UTF-8:
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// (if '$convertExportDataToUTF8' is set to "yes" in 'ini.inc.php' and character encoding is not UTF-8 already)
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// (Note that charset conversion can only be done *after* the cite key has been generated, otherwise cite key
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// generation will produce garbled text!)
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// function 'convertToCharacterEncoding()' is defined in 'include.inc.php'
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if (($convertExportDataToUTF8 == "yes") AND ($contentTypeCharset != "UTF-8"))
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$row[$rowFieldName] = convertToCharacterEncoding("UTF-8", "IGNORE", $row[$rowFieldName]);
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}
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// Defines field-specific search & replace 'actions' that will be applied to all those refbase fields that are listed in the corresponding 'fields' element:
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// (If you don't want to perform any search and replace actions, specify an empty array, like: '$fieldSpecificSearchReplaceActionsArray = array();'.
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// Note that the search patterns MUST include the leading & trailing slashes -- which is done to allow for mode modifiers such as 'imsxU'.)
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// "/Search Pattern/" => "Replace Pattern"
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$fieldSpecificSearchReplaceActionsArray = array();
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if ($convertExportDataToUTF8 == "yes")
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$fieldSpecificSearchReplaceActionsArray[] = array('fields' => array("title", "publication", "abbrev_journal", "address", "keywords", "abstract", "orig_title", "series_title", "abbrev_series_title", "notes"),
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'actions' => $transtab_refbase_unicode
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);
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// Apply field-specific search & replace 'actions' to all fields that are listed in the 'fields' element of the arrays contained in '$fieldSpecificSearchReplaceActionsArray':
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foreach ($fieldSpecificSearchReplaceActionsArray as $fieldActionsArray)
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foreach ($row as $rowFieldName => $rowFieldValue)
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if (in_array($rowFieldName, $fieldActionsArray['fields']))
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$row[$rowFieldName] = searchReplaceText($fieldActionsArray['actions'], $rowFieldValue, true); // function 'searchReplaceText()' is defined in 'include.inc.php'
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// Fetch the name of the citation style file that's associated with the style given in '$citeStyle':
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$citeStyleFile = getStyleFile($citeStyle); // function 'getStyleFile()' is defined in 'include.inc.php'
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if (empty($citeStyleFile))
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{
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$citeStyle = $defaultCiteStyle; // if the given cite style could not be found, we'll use the default cite style which is defined by the '$defaultCiteStyle' variable in 'ini.inc.php'
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$citeStyleFile = getStyleFile($citeStyle);
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}
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// Include the found citation style file *once*:
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include_once "cite/" . $citeStyleFile;
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// Generate a proper citation for this record, ordering attributes according to the chosen output style & record type:
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// - Plain text version of citation string:
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$recordCitationPlain = citeRecord($row, $citeStyle, "", $markupPatternsArrayPlain, false); // function 'citeRecord()' is defined in the citation style file given in '$citeStyleFile' (which, in turn, must reside in the 'styles' directory of the refbase root directory)
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// Convert any refbase markup that remains in the citation string (such as _italic_ or **bold**) to plain text:
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$recordCitationPlain = searchReplaceText($transtab_refbase_ascii, $recordCitationPlain, true);
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// Convert any remaining refbase markup in the 'title', 'keywords' & 'abstract' fields to plain text:
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$row['title'] = searchReplaceText($transtab_refbase_ascii, $row['title'], true);
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$row['keywords'] = searchReplaceText($transtab_refbase_ascii, $row['keywords'], true);
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$row['abstract'] = searchReplaceText($transtab_refbase_ascii, $row['abstract'], true);
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// Strip any " (ed)" or " (eds)" suffix from author/editor string:
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if (preg_match("/ *\(eds?\)$/", $row['author']))
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$row['author'] = preg_replace("/[ \r\n]*\(eds?\)/i", "", $row['author']);
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if (preg_match("/ *\(eds?\)$/", $row['editor']))
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$row['editor'] = preg_replace("/[ \r\n]*\(eds?\)/i", "", $row['editor']);
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// Include a link to any corresponding file if one of the following conditions is met:
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// - the variable '$fileVisibility' (defined in 'ini.inc.php') is set to 'everyone'
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// - the variable '$fileVisibility' is set to 'login' AND the user is logged in
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// - the variable '$fileVisibility' is set to 'user-specific' AND the 'user_permissions' session variable contains 'allow_download'
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// - the array variable '$fileVisibilityException' (defined in 'ini.inc.php') contains a pattern (in array element 1) that matches the contents of the field given (in array element 0)
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//
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// TODO: - the URL-generating code should be made into a dedicated function (since it's shared with 'modsxml.inc.php' and 'atomxml.inc.php')
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$printURL = false;
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if ($fileVisibility == "everyone" OR ($fileVisibility == "login" AND isset($_SESSION['loginEmail'])) OR ($fileVisibility == "user-specific" AND (isset($_SESSION['user_permissions']) AND preg_match("/allow_download/", $_SESSION['user_permissions']))) OR (!empty($fileVisibilityException) AND preg_match($fileVisibilityException[1], $row[$fileVisibilityException[0]])))
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{
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if (!empty($row['file']))
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{
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if (preg_match('#^(https?|ftp|file)://#i', $row['file'])) // if the 'file' field contains a full URL (starting with "http://", "https://", "ftp://", or "file://")
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{
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$URLprefix = ""; // we don't alter the URL given in the 'file' field
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}
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else // if the 'file' field contains only a partial path (like 'polarbiol/10240001.pdf') or just a file name (like '10240001.pdf')
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{
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// use the base URL of the standard files directory as prefix:
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if (preg_match('#^/#', $filesBaseURL)) // absolute path -> file dir is located outside of refbase root dir
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$URLprefix = 'http://' . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . $filesBaseURL;
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else // relative path -> file dir is located within refbase root dir
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$URLprefix = $databaseBaseURL . $filesBaseURL;
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}
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$printURL = true;
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}
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}
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// ----------------------------------------------------------
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// Start OAI_DC XML record:
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if (!empty($metadataPrefix))
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$recordPrefix = $metadataPrefix . ":";
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$record = new XML($recordPrefix . "dc"); // create an XML object for a single record
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if ($addNameSpaceInfo)
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{
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if ($metadataPrefix == "oai_dc")
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$record->setTagAttribute("xmlns:oai_dc", "http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/");
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elseif ($metadataPrefix == "srw_dc")
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$record->setTagAttribute("xmlns:srw_dc", "info:srw/schema/1/dc-v1.1");
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$record->setTagAttribute("xmlns:dc", "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/");
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if ($metadataPrefix == "oai_dc") // NOTE: should we include these for 'srw_dc:dc' output as well?
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{
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$record->setTagAttribute("xmlns:xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance");
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$record->setTagAttribute("xsi:schemaLocation", "http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd");
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}
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elseif ($metadataPrefix == "srw_dc")
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$record->setTagAttribute("xmlns:prism", "http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/");
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}
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// Add Dublin Core elements:
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// NOTE: With a few exceptions, we try to adhere to the guidelines given at
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// "Using simple Dublin Core to describe eprints" by Andy Powell et al.
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// See: <http://eprints-uk.rdn.ac.uk/project/docs/simpledc-guidelines/>
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// - 'dc:title':
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if (!empty($row['title']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "title", array(), $row['title']); // function 'addMetaElement()' is defined in 'webservice.inc.php'
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// - 'dc:creator':
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if (!empty($row['author']) AND ($row['author'] != $row['editor']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "creator", array(), $row['author']);
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// - 'dc:creator':
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// TODO: add refbase corporate author(s) as 'dc:creator'
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// - 'dc:contributor':
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if (!empty($row['editor']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "contributor", array(), $row['editor']);
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// - 'dc:description':
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if (!empty($row['abstract']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "description", array(), $row['abstract']);
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// - 'dc:identifier':
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// - DOI:
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if (!empty($row['doi']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), $row['doi'], "doi");
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// - PMID:
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if (!empty($row['notes']) AND preg_match("/PMID *: *\d+/i", $row['notes']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), $row['notes'], "pmid");
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// - arXiv:
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if (!empty($row['notes']) AND preg_match("/arXiv *: *[^ ;]+/i", $row['notes']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), $row['notes'], "arxiv");
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// - ISBN:
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if (!empty($row['isbn']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), $row['isbn'], "isbn");
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// - OpenURL:
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), $openURL, "openurl");
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// - refbase ID:
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), $databaseBaseURL . generateURL("show.php", "html", array("record" => $row['serial']), true), "url");
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// - Cite key:
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), $citeKey, "citekey");
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// - Bibliographic citation:
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// NOTE: In 'atomxml.inc.php', the bibliographic citation is put into a
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// 'dcterms:bibliographicCitation' element so that it can be uniquely
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// identified and extracted easily. However, in case of simple Dublin
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// Core output, we just put it into a 'dc:identifier' element and
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// use a "citation:" prefix.
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "identifier", array(), encodeHTMLspecialchars($recordCitationPlain), "citation");
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// - 'dc:source':
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// NOTE: - In <http://eprints-uk.rdn.ac.uk/project/docs/simpledc-guidelines/>,
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// Andy Powell et al. recommend that this element should NOT be used!
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// However, we use 'dc:source' elements for publication & series info
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// (publication/series title plus volume & issue) to provide a dedicated
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// source string that's easily readable and parsable.
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// Example: <dc:source>Polar Biology, Vol. 25, No. 10</dc:source>
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// - While we could also append the page info to the publication
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// 'dc:source' element, this info is more pertinent to the article
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// itself and is thus not included. For 'srw_dc:dc' output, page info is
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// included in PRISM elements (see below).
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// - All metadata (including the page info) are also provided as a machine
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// parsable citation in form of an OpenURL ContextObject (see above).
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// - Publication info:
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// NOTE: We only include the 'dc:source' element for 'oai_dc:dc' output. In case of 'srw_dc:dc'
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// output, we use the more fine-grained PRISM elements instead (see below)
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if (($metadataPrefix == "oai_dc") AND (!empty($row['publication']) OR !empty($row['abbrev_journal'])))
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{
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if (!empty($row['publication']))
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$source = $row['publication'];
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elseif (!empty($row['abbrev_journal']))
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$source = $row['abbrev_journal'];
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if (!empty($row['volume']))
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$source .= ", Vol. " . $row['volume'];
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if (!empty($row['issue']))
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$source .= ", No. " . $row['issue'];
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if (!empty($source))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "source", array(), $source);
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}
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// - Series info:
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if (!empty($row['series_title']) OR !empty($row['abbrev_series_title']))
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{
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if (!empty($row['series_title']))
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$series = $row['series_title'];
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elseif (!empty($row['abbrev_series_title']))
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$series = $row['abbrev_series_title'];
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if (!empty($row['series_volume']))
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$series .= ", Vol. " . $row['series_volume'];
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if (!empty($row['series_issue']))
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$series .= ", No. " . $row['series_issue'];
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if (!empty($series))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "source", array(), $series);
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// NOTE: To distinguish between regular publication & series info,
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// should we better use a "series:" prefix here? If so, use:
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// addMetaElement($record, "dc", "source", array(), $series, "series");
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}
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// - ISSN:
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// NOTE: for 'srw_dc:dc' output, we put the ISSN into the 'prism:issn' element
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if (($metadataPrefix == "oai_dc") AND !empty($row['issn']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "source", array(), $row['issn'], "issn");
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// - 'dc:date':
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if (!empty($row['year']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "date", array(), $row['year']);
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// - 'dc:type':
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if (!empty($row['type']))
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addMetaElement($record, "dc", "type", array(), $row['type'], $row['thesis']);
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|
|
|
// In case of a thesis, we add another 'dc:type' element with the actual thesis type:
|
|
if (!empty($row['thesis']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "dc", "type", array(), $row['thesis']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'dc:format':
|
|
// TODO: ideally, we should parse the content of the refbase 'medium' field and map it
|
|
// to a media-type term from <http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/>
|
|
if (!empty($row['medium']))
|
|
$mediaType = $row['medium'];
|
|
else
|
|
$mediaType = "text";
|
|
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "dc", "format", array(), $mediaType);
|
|
|
|
// - 'dc:subject':
|
|
// TODO: add user-specific keywords (from field 'user_keys') if the user is logged in
|
|
if (!empty($row['keywords']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "dc", "subject", array(), $row['keywords']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'dc:coverage':
|
|
// TODO: should we add contents from the refbase 'area' field as 'dc:coverage' element(s)?
|
|
|
|
// - 'dc:relation':
|
|
|
|
// - Related URL:
|
|
if (!empty($row['url']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "dc", "relation", array(), $row['url'], "url");
|
|
|
|
// - Related FILE:
|
|
if ($printURL)
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "dc", "relation", array(), $URLprefix . $row['file'], "file");
|
|
|
|
// - 'dc:publisher':
|
|
if (!empty($row['publisher']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "dc", "publisher", array(), $row['publisher']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'dc:language':
|
|
// TODO: convert to ISO notation (i.e. "en" instead of "English", etc)
|
|
if (!empty($row['language']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "dc", "language", array(), $row['language']);
|
|
|
|
|
|
// ----------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
// Add PRISM elements:
|
|
// NOTE: When using the 'srw_dc' namespace (i.e. 'info:srw/schema/1/dc-v1.1' as detailed at
|
|
// <http://www.loc.gov/standards/sru/resources/dc-schema.html>), I don't think it's allowed
|
|
// to include anything but the fifteen elements from simple Dublin Core. Is this correct?
|
|
// If so, then:
|
|
//
|
|
// TODO: Do we need to put the PRISM elements in <extraRecordData> instead? Or can we put them within
|
|
// a separate branch outside of (and next to) the '<srw_dc:dc>' element? Or shall we better omit
|
|
// them entirely?
|
|
// More info on SRU Extra Data>: <http://www.loc.gov/standards/sru/specs/extra-data.html>
|
|
//
|
|
// See also "Mixing DC metadata with other metadata schemas" in "Guidelines for implementing
|
|
// Dublin Core in XML" <http://dublincore.org/documents/dc-xml-guidelines/>
|
|
|
|
if ($metadataPrefix == "srw_dc") // we only include PRISM elements for 'srw_dc:dc' output
|
|
{
|
|
// - 'prism:issn':
|
|
if (!empty($row['issn']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "issn", array(), $row['issn']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'prism:publicationName':
|
|
if (!empty($row['publication']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "publicationName", array(), $row['publication']);
|
|
elseif (!empty($row['abbrev_journal']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "publicationName", array(), $row['abbrev_journal']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'prism:publicationDate':
|
|
if (!empty($row['year']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "publicationDate", array(), $row['year']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'prism:volume':
|
|
if (!empty($row['volume']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "volume", array(), $row['volume']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'prism:number':
|
|
if (!empty($row['issue']))
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "number", array(), $row['issue']);
|
|
|
|
// - 'prism:startingPage', 'prism:endingPage':
|
|
// TODO: Similar code is used in 'include.in.php', 'modsxml.inc.php' and 'openurl.inc.php',
|
|
// so this should be made into a dedicated function!
|
|
if (!empty($row['pages']) AND preg_match("/\d+/i", $row['pages'])) // if the 'pages' field contains a number
|
|
{
|
|
$pages = preg_replace("/^\D*(\d+)( *[$dash]+ *\d+)?.*/i$patternModifiers", "\\1\\2", $row['pages']); // extract page range (if there's any), otherwise just the first number
|
|
$startPage = preg_replace("/^\D*(\d+).*/i", "\\1", $row['pages']); // extract starting page
|
|
$endPage = extractDetailsFromField("pages", $pages, "/\D+/", "[-1]"); // extract ending page (function 'extractDetailsFromField()' is defined in 'include.inc.php')
|
|
// NOTE: To extract the ending page, we'll use function 'extractDetailsFromField()'
|
|
// instead of just grabbing a matched regex pattern since it'll also work
|
|
// when just a number but no range is given (e.g. when startPage = endPage)
|
|
|
|
// - 'prism:startingPage':
|
|
if (preg_match("/\d+ *[$dash]+ *\d+/i$patternModifiers", $row['pages'])) // if there's a page range
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "startingPage", array(), $startPage);
|
|
|
|
// - 'prism:endingPage':
|
|
addMetaElement($record, "prism", "endingPage", array(), $endPage);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
return $record;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// --------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
?>
|